The Spirit of Ekiden: Japan’s Unique Long-Distance Relay Race

When visiting Japan, you might hear the word Ekiden—a uniquely Japanese form of long-distance relay running that captures the nation’s spirit of teamwork, endurance, and determination. More than just a sporting event, Ekiden represents the values deeply rooted in Japanese culture: perseverance (gaman), cooperation, and pride in representing one’s team.In an Ekiden race, each runner carries a tasuki—a cloth sash worn across the chest—which is handed to the next runner at the relay point. The tasuki symbolizes the bond between teammates and the shared responsibility to carry their collective hopes forward. Passing the tasuki is not merely a handoff—it is an emotional moment that expresses trust, continuity, and the unbroken connection between runners.

The Origins of Ekiden

The term Ekiden (駅伝) literally means “station relay.” It originated from Japan’s ancient communication system, where couriers would relay messages between stations (eki) along major routes (den meaning relay). The modern Ekiden race was first introduced in 1917, when teams of runners carried messages from Kyoto, the old capital, to Tokyo, the new capital, symbolizing the connection between Japan’s past and future.

The Hakone Ekiden – Japan’s Most Beloved Race

Among the many Ekiden races held across Japan, the Hakone Ekiden is the most famous and widely watched. It began in 1920 as a university competition to promote long-distance running among students. Today, it is held every year on January 2nd and 3rd, running between Tokyo and the mountain resort town of Hakone—a total distance of about 217 kilometers.Millions of viewers across Japan tune in to watch this two-day event broadcast live on television. The sight of runners pushing through fatigue, hills, and harsh winter winds captivates the nation. The passing of the tasuki, which each runner hands to the next, is a powerful symbol of trust and connection between teammates.

The Appeal of Ekiden

What makes Ekiden so special is its blend of individual strength and team spirit. Unlike a standard marathon, success in Ekiden depends not just on one’s own performance, but on the unity of the entire team. Each runner carries the hopes of others, knowing that a mistake or fall affects everyone. This shared responsibility and emotional intensity often move spectators to tears.

For many Japanese people, Ekiden reflects life itself—where every person must do their best for the sake of the group. Whether it’s students running for their university or company employees representing their workplace, the message is the same: perseverance, connection, and honor in doing one’s part.

A Cultural Experience Worth Watching

If you’re in Japan during the New Year, try watching the Hakone Ekiden on TV or even cheering along the route. It’s not just a race—it’s a window into the heart of Japanese culture, where teamwork and effort are celebrated above all.